Chinopoulos 2019 Int J Biochem Cell Biol
| Chinopoulos C (2019) Succinate in ischemia: Where does it come from? Int J Biochem Cell Biol 115:105580. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105580 |
Chinopoulos C (2019) Int J Biochem Cell Biol
Abstract: During tissue ischemia succinate accumulates. Herein, literature spanning the past nine decades is reviewed leaning towards the far greater role of Krebs cycle's canonical activity yielding succinate through Ξ±-ketoglutarate -> succinyl-CoA -> succinate even in hypoxia, as opposed to reversal of succinate dehydrogenase. Furthermore, the concepts of i) a diode-like property of succinate dehydrogenase rendering it difficult to reverse, and ii) the absence of mammalian mitochondrial quinones exhibiting redox potentials in the [-60, -80] mV range needed for fumarate reduction, are discussed. Finally, it is emphasized that a "fumarate reductase" enzyme entity reducing fumarate to succinate found in some bacteria and lower eukaryotes remains to be discovered in mammalian mitochondria.
β’ Bioblast editor: Gnaiger E
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