Flavonoids

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Flavonoids

Description

Flavonoids are a group of bioactive polyphenols with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, abundant in fruits and vegetables, and in some medicinal herbs. Flavonoids are synthesized in plants from phenylalanine. Dietary intake of flavonoids as nutraceuticals is discussed for targeting T2D and other degenerative diseases.

Flavonoids and mitObesity

Work in progress by Gnaiger E 2020-02-12 linked to a preprint in preparation on mitObesity drugs.

References: Flavonoids

	Year	Reference	Organism	Tissue;cell	Pathology
Doucet 2018 Mol Pharmacol	2018	Doucet MS, Jougleux JL, Poirier SJ, Cormier M, Leger JL, Surette ME, Pichaud N, Touaibia M, Boudreau LH (2018) Identification of peracetylated quercetin as a selective 12-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor in human platelets. Mol Pharmacol 95:139-50.	Human	Platelet Blood cells
Ruiz 2017 LWT- Food Science Technology	2017	Ruiz VE, Cerioni L, Zampini IC, Cuello S, Isla MI, Hilal M, Rapisarda VA (2017) UV-B radiation on lemons enhances antifungal activity of flavedo extracts against Penicillium digitatum. LWT- Food Science Technology 85:96-103.	Fungi
Skemiene 2015 FEBS J	2015	Skemiene K, Liobikas J, Borutaite V (2015) Anthocyanins as substrates for mitochondrial complex I - protective effect against heart ischemic injury. FEBS J 282:963-71.	Rat	Heart
Suarez 2015 PhD Thesis	2015	Suárez Cunza S (2015) Actividad captadora de Radicales libres y Effecto antioxidante de Metabolitos secundarios del extracto acuoso des "Allium sativum" var. Huaralino (Ajo) en Modelos in vitro. PhD Thesis 1-39.	Rat	Liver	Inherited
Messerli 2012 New England J Med	2012	Messerli FH (2012) Chocolate consumption, cognitive function, and Nobel laureates. New England J Med 367:1562-4.	Human

	Year	Reference	Organism	Tissue;cell	Pathology
Sek 2019 ASMRM2019	2019	Sęk A, Kampa RP, Kulawiak B, Bauer T, Szewczyk A, Bednarczyk P (2019) Localization of the BK_Ca channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane of human bronchial epithelial cell line. ASMRM2019.	Human	Endothelial;epithelial;mesothelial cell
Kampa 2019 ASMRM2019	2019	Kampa RP, Sęk A, Kicińska A, Jarmuszkiewicz W, Szewczyk A, Bednarczyk P (2019) Natural compounds as a modulators of mitochondrial large conductance Ca²⁺-regulated potassium channel (mitoBK_Ca) activity. ASMRM2019.		Endothelial;epithelial;mesothelial cell
Kampa 2018 MiPschool Tromso C2	2018	Cardioprotective flavoniods as a natural modulators of mitoBKCa channel.	Human	Endothelial;epithelial;mesothelial cell
Kolonics 2017 MiP2017	2017	Different molecular composition of Lysimachia species result in distinct metabolism.	Mouse Plants	Heart Liver
El-Bacha 2014 Abstract MiP2014	2014	Cytotoxicity of grape pomace extract (Vitis vinifera L.) from Brazilian wine industry in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells.	Human	Liver	Cancer

MitoPedia: mitObesity drugs

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Term	Abbreviation	Description
Aspirin		Aspirin is a widely applied drug that requires dosage adjusted to individual body mass. It is a non-selective COX inhibitor and exerts an effect on long-chain fatty acid transport into mitochondria.
Curcumin		Curcumin has been shown to possess significant anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-mutagenic, anti-coagulant and anti-infective effects. The protective effects of curcumin on rat heart mitochondrial injuries induced by in vitro anoxia–reoxygenation were evaluated by Xu et al 2013. It was found that curcumin added before anoxia or immediately prior to reoxygenation exhibited remarkable protective effects against anoxia–reoxygenation induced oxidative damage to mitochondria.
Elamipretide	Bendavia	Bendavia (Elamipretide) was developed as a mitochondria-targeted drug against degenerative diseases, including cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. Clinical trials showed variable results. It is a cationic tetrapeptide which readily passes cell membranes, associates with cardiolipin in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Supercomplex-associated CIV activity significantly improved in response to elamipretide treatment in the failing human heart.
Flavonoids		Flavonoids are a group of bioactive polyphenols with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, abundant in fruits and vegetables, and in some medicinal herbs. Flavonoids are synthesized in plants from phenylalanine. Dietary intake of flavonoids as nutraceuticals is discussed for targeting T2D and other degenerative diseases.
Melatonin	aMT	Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, aMT) is a highly conserved molecule present in unicellular to vertebrate organisms. Melatonin is synthesized from tryptophan in the pinealocytes by the pineal gland and also is produced in other organs, tissues and fluids (extrapineal melatonin). Melatonin has lipophilic and hydrophilic nature which allows it to cross biological membranes. Therefore, melatonin is present in all subcellular compartments predominantly in the nucleus and mitochondria. Melatonin has pleiotropic functions with powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and oncostatic effects with a wide spectrum of action particularly at the level of mitochondria. » MiPNet article
Metformin		Metformin (dimethylbiguanide) is mainly known as an important antidiabetic drug which is effective, however, in a wide spectrum of degenerative diseases. It is an inhibitor of Complex I and glycerophosphate dehydrogenase complex.
Rapamycin		Rapamycin is an inhibitor of the mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin, complex 1 (mTORC1). Rapamycin induces autophagy and dyscouples mitochondrial respiration. Rapamycin delays senescence in human cells, and extends lifespan in mice without detrimental effects on mitochondrial fitness in skeletal muscle.
Resveratrol		Resveratrol is a natural bioactive phenol prouced by several plants with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Dietary intake as nutraceutical is discussed for targeting mitochondria with a wide spectrum of action in degenerative diseases.
Spermidine		Spermidine is a polycationic bioactive polyamine mainly found in wheat germ, soybean and various vegetables, involved in the regulation of mitophagy, cell growth and cell death. Like other caloric restriction mimetics, spermidine is effective in cardioprotection, neuroprotection and anticancer immunosuppression by preserving mitochondrial function and control of autophagy.

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mitObesity drugs

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MitoPedia:mitObesity drug