Gnaiger 2005 Abstract MiP2005
Gnaiger Erich, Wright-Paradis C, Sondergaard H, Lundby C, Calbet Jose AL, Saltin Bengt, Helge J, Boushel R (2005) High-resolution respirometry in small biopsies of human muscle: correlations with body mass index and age. MiP2005. |
Link: MiP2005
Gnaiger Erich, Wright-Paradis C, Sondergaard H, Lundby C, Calbet Jose AL, Saltin Bengt, Helge J, Boushel R (2005)
Event: MiP2005
Aerobic exercise and several aspects of life style influence mitochondrial respiratory function in human muscle, in addition to effects of age, gender and genetic background. In the present study, a significant part of the variability in respiration of human mitochondria [1] was explained by analysis of readily accessible background information on 25 healthy human subjects (19 males and 6 females; 22 to 46 years). Based on a novel multi-substrate/inhibitor protocol, this approach advances the functional analysis in mitochondrial physiology and pathology.
A protocol for high-resolution respirometry (with two or three Oroboros Oxygraph-2k operated in parallel) was designed for quantification of mitochondrial respiratory capacities in permeabilized muscle fibers obtained from small needle biopsies (2 to 6 mg per run; 2 or 4 runs per subject). Cell membranes were selectively permeabilized [2], and lack of respiratory stimulation by cytochrome c indicated an intact outer mitochondrial membrane (Fig. 1). Measurements were performed at 30 Β°C in the range of 20 to 50 kPa oxygen pressure (210 to 530 Β΅M), to avoid oxygen limitation [3]. In this range, autoxidation of ascorbate and TMPD was a linear function of oxygen, which was applied for correction of chemical background oxygen flux.
ADP-stimulated respiration with malate+octanoylcarnitine (state OM3) was 46 % compared to further addition of glutamate (state GM3). An additive effect was exerted by parallel complex I+II electron input (the GS3/GM3 ratio was 1.6), since respiration with succinate/rotenone (S3) was only 1.1 times the state GM3 (Fig. 1). In a variation of this protocol, FCCP was titrated upon state GS3, yielding a further 44 % increase (and a corresponding GSu/GM3 ratio of 2.4). State GS3, therefore, reflects the capacity of the phosphorylation system, in agreement with results on isolated mitochondria [4]. The coupled state GS3 represents the physiologically relevant upper limit of respiration, providing parallel complex I and II input in accordance with an operational TCA cycle. The physiological excess capactiy of COX, expressed as the COX/GM3 ratio was 2.7, whereas the COX/GS3 ratio was 1.4. Respiratory adenylate control ratios were identical with octanoylcarnitie (OM3/OM2) and succinate (S3/S4o).
State GS3 declined significantly as a function of body mass index (BMI; body weight/hight2) in the 19 males, which explained ~60 % of total variability. BMI was independent of age, as was the GS3 respiratory capacity. Fatty acid oxidation capacity (state OM3), however, declined significantly with age (males and females combined), thus extending a study on isolated mitochondria [1] to a surprisingly narrow range of ages. Consideration of BMI and age, therefore, improves the diagnostic resolution of functional mitochondrial respiratory analyses.
β’ Bioblast editor: Kandolf G
β’ O2k-Network Lab: AT Innsbruck Oroboros, DK Copenhagen Lundby C, ES CN Las Palmas Calbet JAL, CA Montreal Bergdahl A
Affiliations
- Gnaiger E(1), Wright-Paradis C(2), Sondergaard H(3), Lundby C(3), Calbet JA(4), Saltin B(3), Helge J(3), Boushel R(2)
- D. Swarovski Research Lab, , Dept Transplant Surgery, Innsbruck Medical Univ, Austria. - [email protected]
- Dept Exercise Science, Concordia Univ, Montreal, Canada
- Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Denmark
- Dept Physical Education, Univ Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Spain
- Gnaiger E(1), Wright-Paradis C(2), Sondergaard H(3), Lundby C(3), Calbet JA(4), Saltin B(3), Helge J(3), Boushel R(2)
Figure 1
Figure 1. Oxygen concentration and oxygen flux per volume (respiration) of permeabilized fibers (vastus lateralis, 5.0 mg wet weight) in medium MiR05 containing malate. The titration steps are shown by arrows (continued with titrations of ascorbate and TMPD; not shown), and the corresponding states are defined on the time axis. Oxygenations were performed with pure oxygen purged into the gas phase of the intermittently opened chamber.
References and Support
- Rasmussen UF, Krustrup P, Kjaer M, Rasmussen HN (2003) Human skeletal muscle mitochondrial metabolism in youth and senescence: no signs of functional changes in ATP formation and mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Pflugers Arch. Eur J Physiol 446:270-8.
- Kuznetsov AV, Schneeberger S, Seiler R, Brandacher G, Mark W, Steurer W, Saks V, Usson Y, Margreiter R, Gnaiger E (2004) Mitochondrial defects and heterogeneous cytochrome c release after cardiac cold ischemia and reperfusion. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 286:H1633β41.
- Gnaiger E (2003) Oxygen conformance of cellular respiration. A perspective of mitochondrial physiology. Adv Exp Med Biol 543:39-55.
- Rasmussen UF, Rasmussen HN, Krustrup P, Quistorff B, Saltin B, Bangsbo J (2001) Aerobic metabolism of human quadriceps muscle: in vivo data parallel measurements on isolated mitochondria. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 280:E301β7.
- Supported by the Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre and Fonds de la Recherche en Sante Quebec (FRSQ), Concordia University, The Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).
Cited by
- Gnaiger E (2020) Mitochondrial pathways and respiratory control. An introduction to OXPHOS analysis. 5th ed. Bioenerg Commun 2020.2. https://doi.org/10.26124/bec:2020-0002
Labels: MiParea: Respiration, Gender, Exercise physiology;nutrition;life style, mt-Medicine
Pathology: Aging;senescence
Organism: Human Tissue;cell: Skeletal muscle Preparation: Permeabilized tissue
Coupling state: OXPHOS, ET
Pathway: F, N, CIV, NS
HRR: Oxygraph-2k
BEC 2020.2