Difference between revisions of "Additive effect of convergent electron flow"
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{{MitoPedia | {{MitoPedia | ||
|abbr=''A''<sub>''ฮฑ&ฮฒ''</sub> | |abbr=''A''<sub>''ฮฑ&ฮฒ''</sub> | ||
|description='''Additivity''' describes the princple of substrate control of mitochondrial respiration, where the '''additive effect of convergent | |description='''Additivity''' describes the princple of substrate control of mitochondrial respiration, where the '''additive effect of convergent NS-electron flow''' is a consequence of electron flow converging at the '''[[Q-junction]]''' from respiratory Complexes I and II ([[NS e-input |NS or CI<small>&</small>II e-input]]).ย Further additivity may be observed by convergent electron flow through [[Glycerophosphate_dehydrogenase_complex|glycerophosphate dehydrogenase]] and [[electron-transferring flavoprotein complex]].ย Convergent electron flow corresponds to the operation of the [[TCA cycle]] and mitochondrial substrate supply ''in vivo''. Physiological substrate combinations supporting convergent [[NS]] e-input are required for reconstitution of intracellular TCA cycle function.ย Convergent electron flow simultaneously through Complexes I and II into the [[Q-junction]] supports higher [[OXPHOS capacity]] and [[ETS capacity]] than separate electron flow through either CI or CII.ย The convergent [[NS]] effect may be completely or partially additive, suggesting that conventional bioenergetic protocols with [[Mitochondrial preparations|mt-preparations]] have underestimated cellular OXPHOS capacities, due to the gating effect through a single branch. Complete additivity is defined as the condition when the sum of separatly measured respiratory capacities, N + S, is identical to the capacity measured in the state with combined substrates, NS (CI<small>&</small>II). This condition of complete additivity, NS=N+S, would be obtained if electron channeling through supercomplex CI, CIII and CIV does not interact with the pool of redox intermediates in the pathway from CII to CIII and CIV, and if the capacity of the phosphorylation system (โ''P'') does not limit OXPHOS capacity ([[Excess E-P capacity factor |excess ''E-P'' capacity factor]] is zero). In most cases, however, additivity is incomplete, NS < N+S. | ||
|info=[[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]], [[Gnaiger_2009_Int J Biochem Cell Biol]] | |info=[[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]], [[Gnaiger_2009_Int J Biochem Cell Biol]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{MitoPedia methods | {{MitoPedia methods | ||
|mitopedia method=Respirometry | |mitopedia method=Respirometry | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{MitoPedia topics | {{MitoPedia topics | ||
|mitopedia topic=Substrate and metabolite | |mitopedia topic=Substrate and metabolite | ||
}} | }} | ||
__TOC__ | __TOC__ | ||
''More details:'' >>[[Respiratory_complexes#Respiratory_complexes_-_more_than_five |Respiratory complexes - more than five]] | ''More details:'' >>[[Respiratory_complexes#Respiratory_complexes_-_more_than_five |Respiratory complexes - more than five]] | ||
= List of publications: CI and CII and CI<small>&</small>II = | = List of publications: N and S and NS (CI and CII and CI<small>&</small>II) = | ||
{{#ask:[[Category:Publications]] [[Substrate states::CI]] [[Substrate states::CII]] [[Substrate states::CI&II]] | {{#ask:[[Category:Publications]] [[Substrate states::CI]] [[Substrate states::CII]] [[Substrate states::CI&II]] | ||
|?Was published in year=Year | |?Was published in year=Year | ||
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= List of publications: CI and CII and CI<small>&</small>II and CGpDH = | = List of publications: N and S and NS and Gp(CI and CII and CI<small>&</small>II and CGpDH) = | ||
{{#ask:[[Category:Publications]] [[Substrate states::CI]] [[Substrate states::CII]] [[Substrate states::CI&II]] [[Substrate states::CGpDH]] | {{#ask:[[Category:Publications]] [[Substrate states::CI]] [[Substrate states::CII]] [[Substrate states::CI&II]] [[Substrate states::CGpDH]] | ||
|?Was published in year=Year | |?Was published in year=Year | ||
Revision as of 21:29, 20 March 2016
- high-resolution terminology - matching measurements at high-resolution
Additive effect of convergent electron flow
Description
Additivity describes the princple of substrate control of mitochondrial respiration, where the additive effect of convergent NS-electron flow is a consequence of electron flow converging at the Q-junction from respiratory Complexes I and II (NS or CI&II e-input). Further additivity may be observed by convergent electron flow through glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and electron-transferring flavoprotein complex. Convergent electron flow corresponds to the operation of the TCA cycle and mitochondrial substrate supply in vivo. Physiological substrate combinations supporting convergent NS e-input are required for reconstitution of intracellular TCA cycle function. Convergent electron flow simultaneously through Complexes I and II into the Q-junction supports higher OXPHOS capacity and ETS capacity than separate electron flow through either CI or CII. The convergent NS effect may be completely or partially additive, suggesting that conventional bioenergetic protocols with mt-preparations have underestimated cellular OXPHOS capacities, due to the gating effect through a single branch. Complete additivity is defined as the condition when the sum of separatly measured respiratory capacities, N + S, is identical to the capacity measured in the state with combined substrates, NS (CI&II). This condition of complete additivity, NS=N+S, would be obtained if electron channeling through supercomplex CI, CIII and CIV does not interact with the pool of redox intermediates in the pathway from CII to CIII and CIV, and if the capacity of the phosphorylation system (โP) does not limit OXPHOS capacity (excess E-P capacity factor is zero). In most cases, however, additivity is incomplete, NS < N+S.
Abbreviation: Aฮฑ&ฮฒ
Reference: Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways, Gnaiger_2009_Int J Biochem Cell Biol
MitoPedia methods:
Respirometry
MitoPedia topics:
Substrate and metabolite
More details: >>Respiratory complexes - more than five
