https://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=Gnaiger_2019_MiP2019&feed=atom&action=historyGnaiger 2019 MiP2019 - Revision history2024-03-29T13:21:13ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.36.1https://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=Gnaiger_2019_MiP2019&diff=223764&oldid=prevGnaiger Erich at 17:12, 10 January 20222022-01-10T17:12:20Z<p></p>
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</table>Gnaiger Erichhttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=Gnaiger_2019_MiP2019&diff=202328&oldid=prevGnaiger Erich at 12:43, 30 May 20202020-05-30T12:43:57Z<p></p>
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</table>Gnaiger Erichhttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=Gnaiger_2019_MiP2019&diff=196252&oldid=prevGnaiger Erich at 20:47, 8 March 20202020-03-08T20:47:27Z<p></p>
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</table>Gnaiger Erichhttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=Gnaiger_2019_MiP2019&diff=192857&oldid=prevGnaiger Erich at 21:23, 14 February 20202020-02-14T21:23:49Z<p></p>
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</table>Gnaiger Erichhttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=Gnaiger_2019_MiP2019&diff=192432&oldid=prevGnaiger Erich at 22:16, 10 February 20202020-02-10T22:16:15Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Analogous to ergometric measurement of ''V''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max</sub> on a cycle or treadmill, cell ergometry is based on measurement of OXPHOS-capacity, ''J''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>,''P''</sub> [pmol O<sub>2</sub>·s<sup>-1</sup>·mg<sup>-1</sup>] equivalent to [µmol O<sub>2</sub>·s<sup>1</sup>·kg<sup>1</sup>], at the mitochondrial level. The main datasets on OXPHOS capacity of isolated mitochondria or permeabilized muscle fibers, harmonization algorithms, and exclusion criteria applied in the present analysis have been reviewed ten years ago [1]. Only a few more studies based on high-resolution respirometry published since then were integrated, exclusively on Caucasian healthy controls [2,3]. This 'MitoEAGLE BME database' is intended to initiate a comprehensive review by the MitoEAGLE Working Group 2 (skeletal muscle). Harmonization introduces potential biases with a scope of improvement based on updated evaluation of (1) wet/dry mass ratios applicable to studies reporting dry mass only; (2) flux control ratios applied to calculate combined NADH- and succinate-linked OXPHOS capacities from data limited to the NADH-pathway or succinate-pathway capacities measured separately; (3) temperature adjustment for measurements at temperatures different from 37 °C [4]; (4) oxygen limitation of measurements with permeabilized fibers that are performed at or below air saturation [5]; (5) OXPHOS capacities reported without evaluation of saturating concentrations of ADP, P<sub>i</sub>, and fuel substrates, or without concern of stable steady-state fluxes; and (6) potential bias when results are reported without details on instrumental O<sub>2</sub>-background tests, calibrations, and corresponding corrections.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Analogous to ergometric measurement of ''V''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max</sub> on a cycle or treadmill, cell ergometry is based on measurement of OXPHOS-capacity, ''J''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>,''P''</sub> [pmol O<sub>2</sub>·s<sup>-1</sup>·mg<sup>-1</sup>] equivalent to [µmol O<sub>2</sub>·s<sup>1</sup>·kg<sup>1</sup>], at the mitochondrial level. The main datasets on OXPHOS capacity of isolated mitochondria or permeabilized muscle fibers, harmonization algorithms, and exclusion criteria applied in the present analysis have been reviewed ten years ago [1]. Only a few more studies based on high-resolution respirometry published since then were integrated, exclusively on Caucasian healthy controls [2,3]. This 'MitoEAGLE BME database' is intended to initiate a comprehensive review by the MitoEAGLE Working Group 2 (skeletal muscle). Harmonization introduces potential biases with a scope of improvement based on updated evaluation of (1) wet/dry mass ratios applicable to studies reporting dry mass only; (2) flux control ratios applied to calculate combined NADH- and succinate-linked OXPHOS capacities from data limited to the NADH-pathway or succinate-pathway capacities measured separately; (3) temperature adjustment for measurements at temperatures different from 37 °C [4]; (4) oxygen limitation of measurements with permeabilized fibers that are performed at or below air saturation [5]; (5) OXPHOS capacities reported without evaluation of saturating concentrations of ADP, P<sub>i</sub>, and fuel substrates, or without concern of stable steady-state fluxes; and (6) potential bias when results are reported without details on instrumental O<sub>2</sub>-background tests, calibrations, and corresponding corrections.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Recent trends of an increasing body mass index (BMI) of the human population indicate an epidemic prevalence of obesity in many countries despite the fact that underweight remains the dominant problem in the world’s poorest regions [6]. Extending the concept of the ‘Reference Man’ [7], a healthy reference population (HRP) is defined with a large range of body height (standing height, ''H'') and corresponding reference body mass, ''M''°, reference ''V''°<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max/''M''</sub>, and mitochondrial fitness parameters ('''Fig. 2'''). The reference mass/height relationship constitutes a basic component of the concept of the HRP, obtained from >17.000 measurements on healthy people reported between 1931 and 1944 before the fast food and soft drink epidemic, with about half of the reported measurements ranging from 1.2 to 1.8 m corresponding to ''M''° of 22 to 68 kg/x and ''H''/''M''<sup>0.35</sup> [8] ('''Fig. 2a''').</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Recent trends of an increasing body mass index (BMI) of the human population indicate an epidemic prevalence of obesity in many countries despite the fact that underweight remains the dominant problem in the world’s poorest regions [6]. Extending the concept of the ‘Reference Man’ [7], a healthy reference population (HRP) is defined with a large range of body height (standing height, ''H'') and corresponding reference body mass, ''M''°, reference ''V''°<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max/''M''</sub>, and mitochondrial fitness parameters ('''Fig. 2'''). The reference mass/height relationship constitutes a basic component of the concept of the HRP, obtained from >17.000 measurements on healthy people reported between 1931 and 1944 before the fast food and soft drink epidemic, with about half of the reported measurements ranging from 1.2 to 1.8 m<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/x </ins>corresponding to ''M''° of 22 to 68 kg/x and ''H''/''M''<sup>0.35</sup> [8] ('''Fig. 2a''').</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The [[body mass excess]], BME, is defined as the excess of the actual body mass, ''M''-''M''°, relative to the reference body mass, ''M''°, at the same height ('''Suppl. Tab. S1'''). Deviations of ''M'' versus ''M''° are due to weight gain without height gain. The similar displacement of men and women (Norwegian HUNT 3 study [9]) from the HRP line is consistent with the increase of average BMI in Norway during the past decades [6]. ('''Fig. 2a'''). BME>0 (excess) yields a more consistent index of overweight and obesity across a large range of body heights compared to the BMI ('''Fig. 2b'''). Similarly, BME<0 (not shown) indicates a body mass deficit which is insufficiently reflected by the BMI at different body heights. Mitochondrial OXPHOS capacity per mass of vastus lateralis declines as a power function of BME+1=''M''/''M''° ('''Fig. 2c'''). ''V''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max/''M''</sub> can be modeled as a function of (''1'') the metabolically inactive (compared to ''V''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max</sub>) body mass added to a person at height ''H'', (''2'') the decline of mitochondrial capacity per muscle mass as a consequence of an inactive lifestyle and body mass excess, and (''3'') a slight increase of muscle mass with increasing BME as a ‘weight lifting effect’ ('''Fig. 2d''').</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The [[body mass excess]], BME, is defined as the excess of the actual body mass, ''M''-''M''°, relative to the reference body mass, ''M''°, at the same height ('''Suppl. Tab. S1'''). Deviations of ''M'' versus ''M''° are due to weight gain without height gain. The similar displacement of men and women (Norwegian HUNT 3 study [9]) from the HRP line is consistent with the increase of average BMI in Norway during the past decades [6]. ('''Fig. 2a'''). BME>0 (excess) yields a more consistent index of overweight and obesity across a large range of body heights compared to the BMI ('''Fig. 2b'''). Similarly, BME<0 (not shown) indicates a body mass deficit which is insufficiently reflected by the BMI at different body heights. Mitochondrial OXPHOS capacity per mass of vastus lateralis declines as a power function of BME+1=''M''/''M''° ('''Fig. 2c'''). ''V''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max/''M''</sub> can be modeled as a function of (''1'') the metabolically inactive (compared to ''V''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max</sub>) body mass added to a person at height ''H'', (''2'') the decline of mitochondrial capacity per muscle mass as a consequence of an inactive lifestyle and body mass excess, and (''3'') a slight increase of muscle mass with increasing BME as a ‘weight lifting effect’ ('''Fig. 2d''').</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:::: [[File:BME.png|right|600px|BME]] '''Figure 2: Anthropometrics of a healthy reference population, mitochondrial fitness and aerobic capacity.''' Full circles and diamonds are the averages of females and males in the 2<sup>nd</sup> to 6<sup>th</sup> decade of life with average height of 1.66 and 1.80 m, respectively, from the Norwegian HUNT 3 fitness study [9]. Open circles are averages of the healthy cohorts in the present MitoEAGLE BME database (average height 1.77 m). '''(a)''' Healthy reference population, HRP: thick line extrapolated by a thin line beyond the range of measurement, ''H'' = 0.411∙''M''°<sup>0.35</sup> [8]. ''M''° is the reference [[body mass]] corresponding to body height on the ''X''-axis. The dashed line is the fit through the male and female HUNT 3 data. Vertical arrows indicate weight gain at constant body height. The green square is the Reference Man [7]. '''(b)''' The BMI with an exponent of 2 (instead of 2.86; Fig. 2b) increases with body mass in the HRP, from 18.9 to 22.9 with height increasing from 1.6 to 2.0 m. The [[body mass excess]] with respect to the HRP is defined as BME ≝ (''M''-''M''°)/''M''°. A balanced BME is BME°=0.0. Considering a height of 1.7 m (dashed horizontal lines), overweight (BMI=25) is reached at a weight gain of 20 % (BME=0.2); obesity and severe obesity (BMI=30 and 35) are reached at a weight gain of 40 % and 60 % (BME=0.4 and 0.6, respectively). '''(c)''' Mitochondrial fitness, ''J''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>,''P''</sub> declines as a function of BME (MitoEAGLE BME database). ''J''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>,''P''</sub> is the OXPHOS capacity of the convergent NADH- and succinate-linked pathway expressed per wet mass of muscle tissue, ''m''<sub>w</sub>. '''(d)''' ''V''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max/''M''</sub> declines as a function of BME (MitoEAGLE BME database; a powerfunction is fitted through the open circles, shown by the full line and extrapolated to BME=0; see equation). The females of the HUNT 3 study are on the line, whereas the males tend to have a higher aerobic capacity. Dashed line (1): Aerobic capacity modelled by adding metabolically inactive body mass to the reference ''V''°<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max/''M''</sub>=72.1 mL∙min<sup>-1</sup>∙kg<sup>-1</sup>. Dottel line (2): Diminishing muscle aerobic capacity according to the decline of mitochondrial fitness in Fig. 2c. Red crosses (3): A constant ‘weight-lifting’ factor is fitted to account for an increasing fraction of muscle mass as a function of BME. Modified from [10].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:::: [[File:BME.png|right|600px|BME]] '''Figure 2: Anthropometrics of a healthy reference population, mitochondrial fitness and aerobic capacity.''' Full circles and diamonds are the averages of females and males in the 2<sup>nd</sup> to 6<sup>th</sup> decade of life with average height of 1.66 and 1.80 m, respectively, from the Norwegian HUNT 3 fitness study [9]. Open circles are averages of the healthy cohorts in the present MitoEAGLE BME database (average height 1.77 m). '''(a)''' Healthy reference population, HRP: thick line extrapolated by a thin line beyond the range of measurement, ''H'' = 0.411∙''M''°<sup>0.35</sup> [8]. ''M''° is the reference [[body mass]] corresponding to body height on the ''X''-axis. The dashed line is the fit through the male and female HUNT 3 data. Vertical arrows indicate weight gain at constant body height. The green square is the Reference Man [7]. '''(b)''' The BMI with an exponent of 2 (instead of 2.86; Fig. 2b) increases with body mass in the HRP, from 18.9 to 22.9 with height increasing from 1.6 to 2.0 m. The [[body mass excess]] with respect to the HRP is defined as BME ≝ (''M''-''M''°)/''M''°. A balanced BME is BME°=0.0. Considering a height of 1.7 m<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/x </ins>(dashed horizontal lines), overweight (BMI=25) is reached at a weight gain of 20 % (BME=0.2); obesity and severe obesity (BMI=30 and 35) are reached at a weight gain of 40 % and 60 % (BME=0.4 and 0.6, respectively). '''(c)''' Mitochondrial fitness, ''J''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>,''P''</sub> declines as a function of BME (MitoEAGLE BME database). ''J''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>,''P''</sub> is the OXPHOS capacity of the convergent NADH- and succinate-linked pathway expressed per wet mass of muscle tissue, ''m''<sub>w</sub>. '''(d)''' ''V''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max/''M''</sub> declines as a function of BME (MitoEAGLE BME database; a powerfunction is fitted through the open circles, shown by the full line and extrapolated to BME=0; see equation). The females of the HUNT 3 study are on the line, whereas the males tend to have a higher aerobic capacity. Dashed line (1): Aerobic capacity modelled by adding metabolically inactive body mass to the reference ''V''°<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max/''M''</sub>=72.1 mL∙min<sup>-1</sup>∙kg<sup>-1</sup>. Dottel line (2): Diminishing muscle aerobic capacity according to the decline of mitochondrial fitness in Fig. 2c. Red crosses (3): A constant ‘weight-lifting’ factor is fitted to account for an increasing fraction of muscle mass as a function of BME. Modified from [10].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">----</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{BME_navigation_line}}</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{References: BME and height}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{References: BME and height}}</div></td></tr>
</table>Gnaiger Erichhttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=Gnaiger_2019_MiP2019&diff=192155&oldid=prevGnaiger Erich at 19:18, 9 February 20202020-02-09T19:18:22Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{References: BME and height}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{References: BME and height}}</div></td></tr>
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</table>Gnaiger Erichhttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=Gnaiger_2019_MiP2019&diff=191901&oldid=prevGnaiger Erich at 08:53, 6 February 20202020-02-06T08:53:25Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{Abstract</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{Abstract</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|title=[[Image:Erich Gnaiger.jpg|left|<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">90px</del>|Erich Gnaiger]] OXPHOS capacity in human muscle tissue and body mass excess – the MitoEAGLE mission towards an integrative database (Version 6; 2020-01-12).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|title=[[Image:Erich Gnaiger.jpg|left|<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">66px</ins>|Erich Gnaiger]] OXPHOS capacity in human muscle tissue and body mass excess – the MitoEAGLE mission towards an integrative database (Version 6; 2020-01-12).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[MiP2019]] [[File:PDF.jpg|100px|link=https://wiki.oroboros.at/images/9/9b/2019_Gnaiger_MiP-Belgrade-BME.pdf |Bioblast pdf]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[MiP2019]] [[File:PDF.jpg|100px|link=https://wiki.oroboros.at/images/9/9b/2019_Gnaiger_MiP-Belgrade-BME.pdf |Bioblast pdf]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|authors=Gnaiger E</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|authors=Gnaiger E</div></td></tr>
</table>Gnaiger Erichhttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=Gnaiger_2019_MiP2019&diff=191900&oldid=prevGnaiger Erich at 08:51, 6 February 20202020-02-06T08:51:31Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|additional=<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">BME, MitoPedia:</del>BME, BMI, Height</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|additional=BME, BMI, Height</div></td></tr>
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</table>Gnaiger Erichhttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=Gnaiger_2019_MiP2019&diff=191899&oldid=prevGnaiger Erich at 08:49, 6 February 20202020-02-06T08:49:51Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|additional=BME, MitoPedia:BME, Height</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|additional=BME, MitoPedia:BME<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, BMI</ins>, Height</div></td></tr>
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</table>Gnaiger Erichhttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=Gnaiger_2019_MiP2019&diff=191898&oldid=prevGnaiger Erich at 08:43, 6 February 20202020-02-06T08:43:27Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 08:43, 6 February 2020</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:::: [[File:BME.png|right|600px|BME]] '''Figure 2: Anthropometrics of a healthy reference population, mitochondrial fitness and aerobic capacity.''' Full circles and diamonds are the averages of females and males in the 2<sup>nd</sup> to 6<sup>th</sup> decade of life with average height of 1.66 and 1.80 m, respectively, from the Norwegian HUNT 3 fitness study [9]. Open circles are averages of the healthy cohorts in the present MitoEAGLE BME database (average height 1.77 m). '''(a)''' Healthy reference population, HRP: thick line extrapolated by a thin line beyond the range of measurement, ''H'' = 0.411∙''M''°<sup>0.35</sup> [8]. ''M''° is the reference [[body mass]] corresponding to body height on the ''X''-axis. The dashed line is the fit through the male and female HUNT 3 data. Vertical arrows indicate weight gain at constant body height. The green square is the Reference Man [7]. '''(b)''' The BMI with an exponent of 2 (instead of 2.86; Fig. 2b) increases with body mass in the HRP, from 18.9 to 22.9 with height increasing from 1.6 to 2.0 m. The [[body mass excess]] with respect to the HRP is defined as BME ≝ (''M''-''M''°)/''M''°. A balanced BME is BME°=0.0. Considering a height of 1.7 m (dashed horizontal lines), overweight (BMI=25) is reached at a weight gain of 20 % (BME=0.2); obesity and severe obesity (BMI=30 and 35) are reached at a weight gain of 40 % and 60 % (BME=0.4 and 0.6, respectively). '''(c)''' Mitochondrial fitness, ''J''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>,''P''</sub> declines as a function of BME (MitoEAGLE BME database). ''J''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>,''P''</sub> is the OXPHOS capacity of the convergent NADH- and succinate-linked pathway expressed per wet mass of muscle tissue, ''m''<sub>w</sub>. '''(d)''' ''V''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max/''M''</sub> declines as a function of BME (MitoEAGLE BME database; a powerfunction is fitted through the open circles, shown by the full line and extrapolated to BME=0; see equation). The females of the HUNT 3 study are on the line, whereas the males tend to have a higher aerobic capacity. Dashed line (1): Aerobic capacity modelled by adding metabolically inactive body mass to the reference ''V''°<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max/''M''</sub>=72.1 mL∙min<sup>-1</sup>∙kg<sup>-1</sup>. Dottel line (2): Diminishing muscle aerobic capacity according to the decline of mitochondrial fitness in Fig. 2c. Red crosses (3): A constant ‘weight-lifting’ factor is fitted to account for an increasing fraction of muscle mass as a function of BME. Modified from [10].</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:::: [[File:BME.png|right|600px|BME]] '''Figure 2: Anthropometrics of a healthy reference population, mitochondrial fitness and aerobic capacity.''' Full circles and diamonds are the averages of females and males in the 2<sup>nd</sup> to 6<sup>th</sup> decade of life with average height of 1.66 and 1.80 m, respectively, from the Norwegian HUNT 3 fitness study [9]. Open circles are averages of the healthy cohorts in the present MitoEAGLE BME database (average height 1.77 m). '''(a)''' Healthy reference population, HRP: thick line extrapolated by a thin line beyond the range of measurement, ''H'' = 0.411∙''M''°<sup>0.35</sup> [8]. ''M''° is the reference [[body mass]] corresponding to body height on the ''X''-axis. The dashed line is the fit through the male and female HUNT 3 data. Vertical arrows indicate weight gain at constant body height. The green square is the Reference Man [7]. '''(b)''' The BMI with an exponent of 2 (instead of 2.86; Fig. 2b) increases with body mass in the HRP, from 18.9 to 22.9 with height increasing from 1.6 to 2.0 m. The [[body mass excess]] with respect to the HRP is defined as BME ≝ (''M''-''M''°)/''M''°. A balanced BME is BME°=0.0. Considering a height of 1.7 m (dashed horizontal lines), overweight (BMI=25) is reached at a weight gain of 20 % (BME=0.2); obesity and severe obesity (BMI=30 and 35) are reached at a weight gain of 40 % and 60 % (BME=0.4 and 0.6, respectively). '''(c)''' Mitochondrial fitness, ''J''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>,''P''</sub> declines as a function of BME (MitoEAGLE BME database). ''J''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>,''P''</sub> is the OXPHOS capacity of the convergent NADH- and succinate-linked pathway expressed per wet mass of muscle tissue, ''m''<sub>w</sub>. '''(d)''' ''V''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max/''M''</sub> declines as a function of BME (MitoEAGLE BME database; a powerfunction is fitted through the open circles, shown by the full line and extrapolated to BME=0; see equation). The females of the HUNT 3 study are on the line, whereas the males tend to have a higher aerobic capacity. Dashed line (1): Aerobic capacity modelled by adding metabolically inactive body mass to the reference ''V''°<sub>O<sub>2</sub>max/''M''</sub>=72.1 mL∙min<sup>-1</sup>∙kg<sup>-1</sup>. Dottel line (2): Diminishing muscle aerobic capacity according to the decline of mitochondrial fitness in Fig. 2c. Red crosses (3): A constant ‘weight-lifting’ factor is fitted to account for an increasing fraction of muscle mass as a function of BME. Modified from [10].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">MitoPedia</del>: BME and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">mitObesity</del>}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">References</ins>: BME and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">height</ins>}}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:BME and mitObesity]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{Labeling</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{Labeling</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|additional=BME, MitoPedia:BME</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|additional=BME, MitoPedia:BME<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, Height</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:BME and mitObesity]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr>
</table>Gnaiger Erich