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Property "Has-20abstract" (as page type) with input value "Identifying-20markers-20of-20human-20insulin-20resistance-20may-20permit-20development-20of-20new-20approaches-20for-20treatment-20and-20prevention-20of-20type-202-20diabetes.-20To-20this-20end,-20we-20analyzed-20the-20fasting-20plasma-20metabolome-20in-20metabolically-20characterized-20human-20volunteers-20across-20a-20spectrum-20of-20insulin-20resistance.-20We-20demonstrate-20that-20plasma-20betaine-20levels-20are-20reduced-20in-20insulin-2Dresistant-20humans-20and-20correlate-20closely-20with-20insulin-20sensitivity.-20Moreover,-20betaine-20administration-20to-20mice-20with-20diet-2Dinduced-20obesity-20prevents-20the-20development-20of-20impaired-20glucose-20homeostasis,-20reduces-20hepatic-20lipid-20accumulation,-20increases-20white-20adipose-20oxidative-20capacity,-20and-20enhances-20whole-2Dbody-20energy-20expenditure.-20In-20parallel-20with-20these-20beneficial-20metabolic-20effects,-20betaine-20supplementation-20robustly-20increased-20hepatic-20and-20circulating-20fibroblast-20growth-20factor-20(Fgf)21-20levels.-20Betaine-20administration-20failed-20to-20improve-20glucose-20homeostasis-20and-20liver-20fat-20content-20in-20Fgf21(-2D-2F-2D)-20mice,-20demonstrating-20that-20Fgf21-20is-20necessary-20for-20betaine's-20beneficial-20effects.-20Together,-20these-20data-20indicate-20that-20dietary-20betaine-20increases-20Fgf21-20levels-20to-20improve-20metabolic-20health-20in-20mice-20and-20suggest-20that-20betaine-20supplementation-20merits-20further-20investigation-20as-20a-20supplement-20for-20treatment-20or-20prevention-20of-20type-202-20diabetes-20in-20humans.-0A-0A©-202016-20by-20the-20American-20Diabetes-20Association.-20Readers-20may-20use-20this-20article-20as-20long-20as-20the-20work-20is-20properly-20cited,-20the-20use-20is-20educational-20and-20not-20for-20profit,-20and-20the-20work-20is-20not-20altered." contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.

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