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Property "Has-20abstract" (as page type) with input value "The-20present-20study-20investigated-20the-20effects-20of-20orally-20administered-20long-20chain-20omega-2D3-20polyunsaturated-20fatty-20acids-20(PUFA)-20on-20mitochondrial-20function-20and-20processing-20of-20the-20amyloid-20precursor-20protein-20(APP)-20in-20brains-20of-20young-20(3-20months-20old)-20and-20aged-20(24-20months-20old)-20NMRI-2Dmice.-20Neuroprotective-20properties-20of-20fish-20oil-20(FO)-20(1.6ml-2Fkg-20p.o.)-20were-20assessed-20ex-20vivo-20after-2021-20days-20in-20dissociated-20brain-20cells-20(DBC)-20and-20isolated-20mitochondria.-20Docosahexaenoic-20acid-20(DHA)-20levels-20were-20significantly-20lower-20in-20blood-20and-20brains-20of-20aged-20mice-20which-20were-20compensated-20by-20FO-20administration.-20Isolated-20DBC-20and-20mitochondria-20from-20aged-20mice-20showed-20significantly-20lower-20adenosine-20triphosphate-20(ATP)-20levels-20and-20reduced-20activity-20of-20complexes-20I+II-20and-20IV-20of-20the-20mitochondrial-20respiration-20system,-20respectively.-20FO-20restored-20the-20age-2Drelated-20decrease-20in-20respiration-20and-20improved-20ATP-20production.-20Moreover,-20FO-20increased-20the-20levels-20of-20anti-2Dapoptotic-20Bcl-2D2-20protein.-20Cell-20membrane-20fractions-20isolated-20from-20the-20brain-20of-20aged-20mice-20exhibited-20lower-20membrane-20fluidity,-20which-20was-20partially-20improved-20under-20FO-20treatment.-20In-20comparison-20to-20young-20animals,-20levels-20of-20neuroprotective-20sAPPα-20were-20significantly-20lower-20in-20the-20brain-20of-20aged-20mice.-20However,-20levels-20of-20sAPPα,-20Aβ-20and-20C-2Dterminal-20APP-20fragments-20(CTF)-20were-20largely-20unchanged-20after-20FO-20treatment-20in-20aged-20mice.-20Neuroprotectin-20D-2D1-20(NPD-2D1)-20represents-20a-20neuroprotective-20compound-20that-20is-20derived-20from-20unesterified-20DHA.-20Levels-20of-20NPD1-2Dlike-20metabolites-20(NPD1-2Dlike)-20and-20of-20unesterified-20DHA-20were-20significantly-20increased-20in-20brains-20of-20aged-20mice.-20FO-20treatment-20further-20strongly-20increased-20NPD1-2Dlike-20levels-20indicating-20an-20accelerated-20conversion-20rate-20of-20free-20DHA-20to-20NPD1-2Dlike.-20Our-20findings-20provide-20new-20mechanisms-20underlying-20the-20neuroprotective-20actions-20of-20omega-2D3-20PUFA-20and-20identified-20FO-20as-20a-20promising-20nutraceutical-20to-20delay-20age-2Drelated-20mitochondrial-20dysfunction-20in-20the-20brain." contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.

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