https://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=State_3&feed=atom&action=historyState 3 - Revision history2024-03-29T14:30:37ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.36.1https://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=State_3&diff=212157&oldid=prevGnaiger Erich at 16:46, 1 January 20212021-01-01T16:46:16Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|abbr=''P''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|abbr=''P''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|description=[[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS capacity]] '''State 3''' respiration is the ADP stimulated respiration of isolated coupled mitochondria in the presence of high ADP and P<sub>i</sub> concentrations, supported by a defined substrate or substrate combination at saturating oxygen levels [[Chance_1955_JBC-III|(Chance and Williams, 1955]]). State 3 respiration can also be induced in [[Permeabilized tissue or cells|permeabilized cells]], including permeabilized tissue preparations and tissue homogenates. ADP concentrations applied in State 3 are not necessarily saturating, whereas [[OXPHOS capacity]] is measured at saturating concentrations of ADP and P<sub>i</sub> (OXPHOS state). For instance, non-saturating ADP concentrations are applied in State 3 in pulse titrations to determine the [[P/O ratio]] in State 3→4 (D→T) transitions, when saturating ADP concentrations would deplete the oxygen concentration in the closed oxygraph chamber before [[State 4]] is obtained ([[Gnaiger 2000 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A|Gnaiger et al 2000]]; [[Puchowicz_2004_Mitochondrion|Puchowicz et al 2004]]). Respiration in the OXPHOS state or in State 3 is well [[coupled respiration|coupled]], and partially [[uncoupled respiration|uncoupled]] (physiological) or partially [[dyscoupled respiration|dyscoupled]] (pathological). A high [[mt-membrane potential]] provides the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation, to phosphorylate ADP to ATP and to transport ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM) through the [[adenine nucleotide translocase]] (ANT). The mt-membrane potential is reduced, however, in comparison to the [[LEAK state]] of respiration, whereas the cytochromes are in a more oxidized redox state.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|description=[[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS capacity]] '''State 3''' respiration is the ADP stimulated respiration of isolated coupled mitochondria in the presence of high ADP and P<sub>i</sub> concentrations, supported by a defined substrate or substrate combination at saturating oxygen levels [[Chance_1955_JBC-III|(Chance and Williams, 1955]]). State 3 respiration can also be induced in [[Permeabilized tissue or cells|permeabilized cells]], including permeabilized tissue preparations and tissue homogenates. ADP concentrations applied in State 3 are not necessarily saturating, whereas [[OXPHOS capacity]] is measured at saturating concentrations of ADP and P<sub>i</sub> (OXPHOS state). For instance, non-saturating ADP concentrations are applied in State 3 in pulse titrations to determine the [[P/O ratio]] in State 3→4 (D→T) transitions, when saturating ADP concentrations would deplete the oxygen concentration in the closed oxygraph chamber before [[State 4]] is obtained ([[Gnaiger 2000 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A|Gnaiger et al 2000]]; [[Puchowicz_2004_Mitochondrion|Puchowicz et al 2004]]). Respiration in the OXPHOS state or in State 3 is well [[coupled respiration|coupled]], and partially [[uncoupled respiration|uncoupled]] (physiological) or partially [[dyscoupled respiration|dyscoupled]] (pathological). A high [[mt-membrane potential]] provides the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation, to phosphorylate ADP to ATP and to transport ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM) through the [[adenine nucleotide translocase]] (ANT). The mt-membrane potential is reduced, however, in comparison to the [[LEAK state]] of respiration, whereas the cytochromes are in a more oxidized redox state.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[Chance 1955 JBC-III]], [[Gnaiger <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2014 </del>MitoPathways]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[Chance 1955 JBC-III]], [[Gnaiger <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2020 BEC </ins>MitoPathways]]</div></td></tr>
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</table>Gnaiger Erichhttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=State_3&diff=206645&oldid=prevKomlodi Timea at 15:17, 1 September 20202020-09-01T15:17:56Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Maximum oxygen flux in State 3 ? ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Maximum oxygen flux in State 3 ? ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:::: Oxygen flux is not necessarily 'maximum' in State 3 for different reasons:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:::: Oxygen flux is not necessarily 'maximum' in State 3 for different reasons:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* Concentrations of ADP and inorganic phosphate (P<sub>i</sub>) are high but may not be saturating (kinetic limitation).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* Concentrations of ADP and inorganic phosphate (P<sub>i</sub>) are high but may not be saturating (kinetic limitation) <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">leading to underestimation of [[OXPHOS capacity]] and overestimation of [[excess E-P capacity]]</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The substrate or substrate combination may not support the physiological maximum flux through the electron transfer-pathway (ET-pathway), particularly due to electron gating of mitochondrial pathways converging at the [[Q-junction]] (limitation due to pathway control).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The substrate or substrate combination may not support the physiological maximum flux through the electron transfer-pathway (ET-pathway), particularly due to electron gating of mitochondrial pathways converging at the [[Q-junction]] (limitation due to pathway control).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* [[OXPHOS capacity]] is less than [[ET capacity]] in coupled mitochondria with limiting [[phosphorylation system]] capacity (limitation by the enzymatic capacity of utilizating the electrochemical proton gradient).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* [[OXPHOS capacity]] is less than [[ET capacity]] in coupled mitochondria with limiting [[phosphorylation system]] capacity (limitation by the enzymatic capacity of utilizating the electrochemical proton gradient).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The definition of State 3 lacks a fundamental attribute of [[OXPHOS capacity]]. 'High ADP' is a concentration of ADP specifically selected to allow measurememt of a State 3 to [[State 4]] transition of isolated mitochondria in a closed respirometric system. Starting at oxygen levels near air saturation, the 'high ADP' concentration added must be low enough to allow phosphorylation to ATP at a coupled oxygen consumption that does not lead to complete oxygen depletion during the transition to State 4.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The definition of State 3 lacks a fundamental attribute of [[OXPHOS capacity]]. 'High ADP' is a concentration of ADP specifically selected to allow measurememt of a State 3 to [[State 4]] transition of isolated mitochondria in a closed respirometric system. Starting at oxygen levels near air saturation, the 'high ADP' concentration added must be low enough to allow phosphorylation to ATP at a coupled oxygen consumption that does not lead to complete oxygen depletion during the transition to State 4.</div></td></tr>
</table>Komlodi Timeahttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=State_3&diff=206637&oldid=prevKomlodi Timea at 09:50, 1 September 20202020-09-01T09:50:03Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 09:50, 1 September 2020</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l14">Line 14:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:::: Oxygen flux is not necessarily 'maximum' in State 3 for different reasons:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:::: Oxygen flux is not necessarily 'maximum' in State 3 for different reasons:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* Concentrations of ADP and inorganic phosphate (P<sub>i</sub>) are high but may not be saturating (kinetic limitation).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* Concentrations of ADP and inorganic phosphate (P<sub>i</sub>) are high but may not be saturating (kinetic limitation).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The substrate or substrate combination may not support the physiological maximum flux through the electron transfer-pathway (ET-pathway), particularly due to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</del>electron gating<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </del>of mitochondrial pathways converging at the [[Q-junction]] (limitation due to pathway control).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The substrate or substrate combination may not support the physiological maximum flux through the electron transfer-pathway (ET-pathway), particularly due to electron gating of mitochondrial pathways converging at the [[Q-junction]] (limitation due to pathway control).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* [[OXPHOS capacity]] is less than [[ET capacity]] in coupled mitochondria with limiting [[phosphorylation system]] capacity (limitation by the enzymatic capacity of utilizating the electrochemical proton gradient).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* [[OXPHOS capacity]] is less than [[ET capacity]] in coupled mitochondria with limiting [[phosphorylation system]] capacity (limitation by the enzymatic capacity of utilizating the electrochemical proton gradient).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The definition of State 3 lacks a fundamental attribute of [[OXPHOS capacity]]. 'High ADP' is a concentration of ADP specifically selected to allow measurememt of a State 3 to [[State 4]] transition of isolated mitochondria in a closed respirometric system. Starting at oxygen levels near air saturation, the 'high ADP' concentration added must be low enough to allow phosphorylation to ATP at a coupled oxygen consumption that does not lead to complete oxygen depletion during the transition to State 4.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The definition of State 3 lacks a fundamental attribute of [[OXPHOS capacity]]. 'High ADP' is a concentration of ADP specifically selected to allow measurememt of a State 3 to [[State 4]] transition of isolated mitochondria in a closed respirometric system. Starting at oxygen levels near air saturation, the 'high ADP' concentration added must be low enough to allow phosphorylation to ATP at a coupled oxygen consumption that does not lead to complete oxygen depletion during the transition to State 4.</div></td></tr>
</table>Komlodi Timeahttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=State_3&diff=206575&oldid=prevKomlodi Timea at 10:31, 31 August 20202020-08-31T10:31:10Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{MitoPedia</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{MitoPedia</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|abbr=''P''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|abbr=''P''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|description=[[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS capacity]] '''State 3''' respiration is the ADP stimulated respiration of isolated coupled mitochondria in the presence of high ADP and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Pi |</del>P<sub>i</sub><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </del>concentrations, supported by a defined substrate or substrate combination at saturating oxygen levels [[Chance_1955_JBC-III|(Chance and Williams, 1955]]). State 3 respiration can also be induced in [[Permeabilized tissue or cells|permeabilized cells]], including permeabilized tissue preparations and tissue homogenates. ADP concentrations applied in State 3 are not necessarily saturating, whereas [[OXPHOS capacity]] is measured at saturating concentrations of ADP and P<sub>i</sub> (OXPHOS state). For instance, non-saturating ADP concentrations are applied in State 3 in pulse titrations to determine the [[P/O ratio]] in State 3→4 (D→T) transitions, when saturating ADP concentrations would deplete the oxygen concentration in the closed oxygraph chamber before [[State 4]] is obtained ([[Gnaiger 2000 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A|Gnaiger et al 2000]]; [[Puchowicz_2004_Mitochondrion|Puchowicz et al 2004]]). Respiration in the OXPHOS state or in State 3 is well [[coupled respiration|coupled]], and partially [[uncoupled respiration|uncoupled]] (physiological) or partially [[dyscoupled respiration|dyscoupled]] (pathological). A high [[mt-membrane potential]] provides the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation, to phosphorylate ADP to ATP and to transport ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM) through the [[adenine nucleotide translocase]] (ANT). The mt-membrane potential is reduced, however, in comparison to the [[LEAK state]] of respiration, whereas the cytochromes are in a more oxidized redox state.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|description=[[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS capacity]] '''State 3''' respiration is the ADP stimulated respiration of isolated coupled mitochondria in the presence of high ADP and P<sub>i</sub> concentrations, supported by a defined substrate or substrate combination at saturating oxygen levels [[Chance_1955_JBC-III|(Chance and Williams, 1955]]). State 3 respiration can also be induced in [[Permeabilized tissue or cells|permeabilized cells]], including permeabilized tissue preparations and tissue homogenates. ADP concentrations applied in State 3 are not necessarily saturating, whereas [[OXPHOS capacity]] is measured at saturating concentrations of ADP and P<sub>i</sub> (OXPHOS state). For instance, non-saturating ADP concentrations are applied in State 3 in pulse titrations to determine the [[P/O ratio]] in State 3→4 (D→T) transitions, when saturating ADP concentrations would deplete the oxygen concentration in the closed oxygraph chamber before [[State 4]] is obtained ([[Gnaiger 2000 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A|Gnaiger et al 2000]]; [[Puchowicz_2004_Mitochondrion|Puchowicz et al 2004]]). Respiration in the OXPHOS state or in State 3 is well [[coupled respiration|coupled]], and partially [[uncoupled respiration|uncoupled]] (physiological) or partially [[dyscoupled respiration|dyscoupled]] (pathological). A high [[mt-membrane potential]] provides the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation, to phosphorylate ADP to ATP and to transport ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM) through the [[adenine nucleotide translocase]] (ANT). The mt-membrane potential is reduced, however, in comparison to the [[LEAK state]] of respiration, whereas the cytochromes are in a more oxidized redox state.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[Chance 1955 JBC-III]], [[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[Chance 1955 JBC-III]], [[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]]</div></td></tr>
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</table>Komlodi Timeahttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=State_3&diff=206573&oldid=prevKomlodi Timea at 10:28, 31 August 20202020-08-31T10:28:19Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{MitoPedia</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{MitoPedia</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|abbr=''P''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|abbr=''P''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|description=[[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS capacity]] '''State 3''' respiration is the ADP stimulated respiration of isolated coupled mitochondria in the presence of high ADP and [[Pi |P<sub>i</sub>]] concentrations, supported by a defined substrate or substrate combination at saturating oxygen levels [[Chance_1955_JBC-III|(Chance and Williams, 1955]]). State 3 respiration can also be induced in [[Permeabilized tissue or cells|permeabilized cells]], including permeabilized tissue preparations and tissue homogenates. ADP concentrations applied in State 3 are not necessarily saturating, whereas [[OXPHOS capacity]] is measured at saturating concentrations of ADP and P<sub>i</sub> (OXPHOS state). For instance, non-saturating ADP concentrations are applied in State 3 in pulse titrations to determine the [[P/O ratio]] in State 3→4 (D→T) transitions, when saturating ADP concentrations would deplete the oxygen concentration in the closed oxygraph chamber before [[State 4]] is obtained ([[Gnaiger 2000 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A|Gnaiger et al 2000]]; [[Puchowicz_2004_Mitochondrion|Puchowicz et al 2004]]). Respiration in the OXPHOS state or in State 3 is well [[coupled respiration|coupled]], and partially [[uncoupled respiration|uncoupled]] (physiological) or partially [[dyscoupled respiration|dyscoupled]] (pathological). A high [[mt-membrane potential]] provides the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation, to phosphorylate ADP to ATP and to transport ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM) through the [[adenine nucleotide translocase]] (ANT). The mt-membrane potential is reduced, however, in comparison to the [[LEAK state]] of respiration, whereas the cytochromes are in a more oxidized <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</del>redox state<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|description=[[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS capacity]] '''State 3''' respiration is the ADP stimulated respiration of isolated coupled mitochondria in the presence of high ADP and [[Pi |P<sub>i</sub>]] concentrations, supported by a defined substrate or substrate combination at saturating oxygen levels [[Chance_1955_JBC-III|(Chance and Williams, 1955]]). State 3 respiration can also be induced in [[Permeabilized tissue or cells|permeabilized cells]], including permeabilized tissue preparations and tissue homogenates. ADP concentrations applied in State 3 are not necessarily saturating, whereas [[OXPHOS capacity]] is measured at saturating concentrations of ADP and P<sub>i</sub> (OXPHOS state). For instance, non-saturating ADP concentrations are applied in State 3 in pulse titrations to determine the [[P/O ratio]] in State 3→4 (D→T) transitions, when saturating ADP concentrations would deplete the oxygen concentration in the closed oxygraph chamber before [[State 4]] is obtained ([[Gnaiger 2000 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A|Gnaiger et al 2000]]; [[Puchowicz_2004_Mitochondrion|Puchowicz et al 2004]]). Respiration in the OXPHOS state or in State 3 is well [[coupled respiration|coupled]], and partially [[uncoupled respiration|uncoupled]] (physiological) or partially [[dyscoupled respiration|dyscoupled]] (pathological). A high [[mt-membrane potential]] provides the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation, to phosphorylate ADP to ATP and to transport ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM) through the [[adenine nucleotide translocase]] (ANT). The mt-membrane potential is reduced, however, in comparison to the [[LEAK state]] of respiration, whereas the cytochromes are in a more oxidized redox state.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[Chance 1955 JBC-III]], [[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[Chance 1955 JBC-III]], [[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td></tr>
</table>Komlodi Timeahttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=State_3&diff=203476&oldid=prevBeno Marija at 13:22, 8 June 20202020-06-08T13:22:24Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* Concentrations of ADP and inorganic phosphate (P<sub>i</sub>) are high but may not be saturating (kinetic limitation).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* Concentrations of ADP and inorganic phosphate (P<sub>i</sub>) are high but may not be saturating (kinetic limitation).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The substrate or substrate combination may not support the physiological maximum flux through the electron transfer-pathway (ET-pathway), particularly due to [[electron gating]] of mitochondrial pathways converging at the [[Q-junction]] (limitation due to pathway control).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The substrate or substrate combination may not support the physiological maximum flux through the electron transfer-pathway (ET-pathway), particularly due to [[electron gating]] of mitochondrial pathways converging at the [[Q-junction]] (limitation due to pathway control).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* [[OXPHOS capacity]] is less than [[ET<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">-</del>capacity]] in coupled mitochondria with limiting [[phosphorylation system]] capacity (limitation by the enzymatic capacity of utilizating the electrochemical proton gradient).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* [[OXPHOS capacity]] is less than [[ET capacity]] in coupled mitochondria with limiting [[phosphorylation system]] capacity (limitation by the enzymatic capacity of utilizating the electrochemical proton gradient).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The definition of State 3 lacks a fundamental attribute of [[OXPHOS capacity]]. 'High ADP' is a concentration of ADP specifically selected to allow measurememt of a State 3 to [[State 4]] transition of isolated mitochondria in a closed respirometric system. Starting at oxygen levels near air saturation, the 'high ADP' concentration added must be low enough to allow phosphorylation to ATP at a coupled oxygen consumption that does not lead to complete oxygen depletion during the transition to State 4.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The definition of State 3 lacks a fundamental attribute of [[OXPHOS capacity]]. 'High ADP' is a concentration of ADP specifically selected to allow measurememt of a State 3 to [[State 4]] transition of isolated mitochondria in a closed respirometric system. Starting at oxygen levels near air saturation, the 'high ADP' concentration added must be low enough to allow phosphorylation to ATP at a coupled oxygen consumption that does not lead to complete oxygen depletion during the transition to State 4.</div></td></tr>
</table>Beno Marijahttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=State_3&diff=203293&oldid=prevBeno Marija at 09:39, 8 June 20202020-06-08T09:39:46Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 09:39, 8 June 2020</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l15">Line 15:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* Concentrations of ADP and inorganic phosphate (P<sub>i</sub>) are high but may not be saturating (kinetic limitation).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* Concentrations of ADP and inorganic phosphate (P<sub>i</sub>) are high but may not be saturating (kinetic limitation).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The substrate or substrate combination may not support the physiological maximum flux through the electron transfer-pathway (ET-pathway), particularly due to [[electron gating]] of mitochondrial pathways converging at the [[Q-junction]] (limitation due to pathway control).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The substrate or substrate combination may not support the physiological maximum flux through the electron transfer-pathway (ET-pathway), particularly due to [[electron gating]] of mitochondrial pathways converging at the [[Q-junction]] (limitation due to pathway control).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* [[OXPHOS<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">-</del>capacity]] is less than [[ET-capacity]] in coupled mitochondria with limiting [[phosphorylation system]] capacity (limitation by the enzymatic capacity of utilizating the electrochemical proton gradient).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* [[OXPHOS capacity]] is less than [[ET-capacity]] in coupled mitochondria with limiting [[phosphorylation system]] capacity (limitation by the enzymatic capacity of utilizating the electrochemical proton gradient).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The definition of State 3 lacks a fundamental attribute of [[OXPHOS capacity]]. 'High ADP' is a concentration of ADP specifically selected to allow measurememt of a State 3 to [[State 4]] transition of isolated mitochondria in a closed respirometric system. Starting at oxygen levels near air saturation, the 'high ADP' concentration added must be low enough to allow phosphorylation to ATP at a coupled oxygen consumption that does not lead to complete oxygen depletion during the transition to State 4.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::::* The definition of State 3 lacks a fundamental attribute of [[OXPHOS capacity]]. 'High ADP' is a concentration of ADP specifically selected to allow measurememt of a State 3 to [[State 4]] transition of isolated mitochondria in a closed respirometric system. Starting at oxygen levels near air saturation, the 'high ADP' concentration added must be low enough to allow phosphorylation to ATP at a coupled oxygen consumption that does not lead to complete oxygen depletion during the transition to State 4.</div></td></tr>
</table>Beno Marijahttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=State_3&diff=203265&oldid=prevBeno Marija: Reverted edits by Beno Marija (talk) to last revision by Gnaiger Erich2020-06-08T08:54:10Z<p>Reverted edits by <a href="/index.php/Special:Contributions/Beno_Marija" title="Special:Contributions/Beno Marija">Beno Marija</a> (<a href="/index.php/User_talk:Beno_Marija" title="User talk:Beno Marija">talk</a>) to last revision by <a href="/index.php/User:Gnaiger_Erich" class="mw-redirect" title="User:Gnaiger Erich">Gnaiger Erich</a></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{MitoPedia</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{MitoPedia</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|abbr=''P''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|abbr=''P''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|description=[[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS capacity]] '''State 3''' respiration is the ADP stimulated respiration of isolated coupled mitochondria in the presence of high ADP and [[Pi |P<sub>i</sub>]] concentrations, supported by a defined substrate or substrate combination at saturating oxygen levels [[Chance_1955_JBC-III|(Chance and Williams, 1955]]). State 3 respiration can also be induced in [[Permeabilized tissue or cells|permeabilized cells]], including permeabilized tissue preparations and tissue homogenates. ADP concentrations applied in State 3 are not necessarily saturating, whereas [[OXPHOS capacity]] is measured at saturating concentrations of ADP and P<sub>i</sub> (OXPHOS state). For instance, non-saturating ADP concentrations are applied in State 3 in pulse titrations to determine the [[P/O ratio]] in State 3→4 (D→T) transitions, when saturating ADP concentrations would deplete the oxygen concentration in the closed oxygraph chamber before [[State 4]] is obtained ([[Gnaiger 2000 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A|Gnaiger et al 2000]]; [[Puchowicz_2004_Mitochondrion|Puchowicz et al 2004]]). Respiration in the OXPHOS state or in State 3 is well [[coupled respiration|coupled]], and partially [[uncoupled respiration|uncoupled]] (physiological) or partially [[dyscoupled respiration|dyscoupled]] (pathological). A high [[mt-membrane potential]] provides the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation, to phosphorylate ADP to ATP and to transport ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM) through the [[adenine nucleotide translocase]] (ANT). The mt-membrane potential is reduced, however, in comparison to the [[LEAK <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">respiration</del>]] of respiration, whereas the cytochromes are in a more oxidized [[redox state]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|description=[[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS capacity]] '''State 3''' respiration is the ADP stimulated respiration of isolated coupled mitochondria in the presence of high ADP and [[Pi |P<sub>i</sub>]] concentrations, supported by a defined substrate or substrate combination at saturating oxygen levels [[Chance_1955_JBC-III|(Chance and Williams, 1955]]). State 3 respiration can also be induced in [[Permeabilized tissue or cells|permeabilized cells]], including permeabilized tissue preparations and tissue homogenates. ADP concentrations applied in State 3 are not necessarily saturating, whereas [[OXPHOS capacity]] is measured at saturating concentrations of ADP and P<sub>i</sub> (OXPHOS state). For instance, non-saturating ADP concentrations are applied in State 3 in pulse titrations to determine the [[P/O ratio]] in State 3→4 (D→T) transitions, when saturating ADP concentrations would deplete the oxygen concentration in the closed oxygraph chamber before [[State 4]] is obtained ([[Gnaiger 2000 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A|Gnaiger et al 2000]]; [[Puchowicz_2004_Mitochondrion|Puchowicz et al 2004]]). Respiration in the OXPHOS state or in State 3 is well [[coupled respiration|coupled]], and partially [[uncoupled respiration|uncoupled]] (physiological) or partially [[dyscoupled respiration|dyscoupled]] (pathological). A high [[mt-membrane potential]] provides the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation, to phosphorylate ADP to ATP and to transport ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM) through the [[adenine nucleotide translocase]] (ANT). The mt-membrane potential is reduced, however, in comparison to the [[LEAK <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">state</ins>]] of respiration, whereas the cytochromes are in a more oxidized [[redox state]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[Chance 1955 JBC-III]], [[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[Chance 1955 JBC-III]], [[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td></tr>
</table>Beno Marijahttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=State_3&diff=203261&oldid=prevBeno Marija at 08:49, 8 June 20202020-06-08T08:49:44Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{MitoPedia</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{MitoPedia</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|abbr=''P''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|abbr=''P''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|description=[[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS capacity]] '''State 3''' respiration is the ADP stimulated respiration of isolated coupled mitochondria in the presence of high ADP and [[Pi |P<sub>i</sub>]] concentrations, supported by a defined substrate or substrate combination at saturating oxygen levels [[Chance_1955_JBC-III|(Chance and Williams, 1955]]). State 3 respiration can also be induced in [[Permeabilized tissue or cells|permeabilized cells]], including permeabilized tissue preparations and tissue homogenates. ADP concentrations applied in State 3 are not necessarily saturating, whereas [[OXPHOS capacity]] is measured at saturating concentrations of ADP and P<sub>i</sub> (OXPHOS state). For instance, non-saturating ADP concentrations are applied in State 3 in pulse titrations to determine the [[P/O ratio]] in State 3→4 (D→T) transitions, when saturating ADP concentrations would deplete the oxygen concentration in the closed oxygraph chamber before [[State 4]] is obtained ([[Gnaiger 2000 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A|Gnaiger et al 2000]]; [[Puchowicz_2004_Mitochondrion|Puchowicz et al 2004]]). Respiration in the OXPHOS state or in State 3 is well [[coupled respiration|coupled]], and partially [[uncoupled respiration|uncoupled]] (physiological) or partially [[dyscoupled respiration|dyscoupled]] (pathological). A high [[mt-membrane potential]] provides the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation, to phosphorylate ADP to ATP and to transport ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM) through the [[adenine nucleotide translocase]] (ANT). The mt-membrane potential is reduced, however, in comparison to the [[LEAK <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">state</del>]] of respiration, whereas the cytochromes are in a more oxidized [[redox state]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|description=[[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS capacity]] '''State 3''' respiration is the ADP stimulated respiration of isolated coupled mitochondria in the presence of high ADP and [[Pi |P<sub>i</sub>]] concentrations, supported by a defined substrate or substrate combination at saturating oxygen levels [[Chance_1955_JBC-III|(Chance and Williams, 1955]]). State 3 respiration can also be induced in [[Permeabilized tissue or cells|permeabilized cells]], including permeabilized tissue preparations and tissue homogenates. ADP concentrations applied in State 3 are not necessarily saturating, whereas [[OXPHOS capacity]] is measured at saturating concentrations of ADP and P<sub>i</sub> (OXPHOS state). For instance, non-saturating ADP concentrations are applied in State 3 in pulse titrations to determine the [[P/O ratio]] in State 3→4 (D→T) transitions, when saturating ADP concentrations would deplete the oxygen concentration in the closed oxygraph chamber before [[State 4]] is obtained ([[Gnaiger 2000 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A|Gnaiger et al 2000]]; [[Puchowicz_2004_Mitochondrion|Puchowicz et al 2004]]). Respiration in the OXPHOS state or in State 3 is well [[coupled respiration|coupled]], and partially [[uncoupled respiration|uncoupled]] (physiological) or partially [[dyscoupled respiration|dyscoupled]] (pathological). A high [[mt-membrane potential]] provides the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation, to phosphorylate ADP to ATP and to transport ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM) through the [[adenine nucleotide translocase]] (ANT). The mt-membrane potential is reduced, however, in comparison to the [[LEAK <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">respiration</ins>]] of respiration, whereas the cytochromes are in a more oxidized [[redox state]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[Chance 1955 JBC-III]], [[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[Chance 1955 JBC-III]], [[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td></tr>
</table>Beno Marijahttps://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php?title=State_3&diff=193339&oldid=prevGnaiger Erich at 07:06, 19 February 20202020-02-19T07:06:04Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:06, 19 February 2020</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{MitoPedia</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{MitoPedia</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|abbr=''P''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|abbr=''P''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|description=[[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS capacity]] '''State 3''' respiration is the ADP stimulated respiration of isolated coupled mitochondria in the presence of high ADP and [[Pi |P<sub>i</sub>]] concentrations, supported by a defined substrate or substrate combination at saturating oxygen levels [[Chance_1955_JBC-III|(Chance and Williams, 1955]]). State 3 respiration can also be induced in [[Permeabilized tissue or cells|permeabilized cells]], including permeabilized tissue preparations and tissue homogenates. ADP concentrations applied in State 3 are not necessarily saturating, whereas [[OXPHOS capacity]] is measured at saturating concentrations of ADP and P<sub>i</sub> (OXPHOS state). For instance, non-saturating ADP concentrations are applied in State 3 in pulse titrations to determine the [[P/O ratio]] in State 3→4 (D→T) transitions, when saturating ADP concentrations would deplete the oxygen concentration in the closed oxygraph chamber before [[State 4]] is obtained ([[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Gnaiger_2000_PNAS</del>|Gnaiger et al 2000]]; [[Puchowicz_2004_Mitochondrion|Puchowicz et al 2004]]). Respiration in the OXPHOS state or in State 3 is well [[coupled respiration|coupled]], and partially [[uncoupled respiration|uncoupled]] (physiological) or partially [[dyscoupled respiration|dyscoupled]] (pathological). A high [[mt-membrane potential]] provides the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation, to phosphorylate ADP to ATP and to transport ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM) through the [[adenine nucleotide translocase]] (ANT). The mt-membrane potential is reduced, however, in comparison to the [[LEAK state]] of respiration, whereas the cytochromes are in a more oxidized [[redox state]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|description=[[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS capacity]] '''State 3''' respiration is the ADP stimulated respiration of isolated coupled mitochondria in the presence of high ADP and [[Pi |P<sub>i</sub>]] concentrations, supported by a defined substrate or substrate combination at saturating oxygen levels [[Chance_1955_JBC-III|(Chance and Williams, 1955]]). State 3 respiration can also be induced in [[Permeabilized tissue or cells|permeabilized cells]], including permeabilized tissue preparations and tissue homogenates. ADP concentrations applied in State 3 are not necessarily saturating, whereas [[OXPHOS capacity]] is measured at saturating concentrations of ADP and P<sub>i</sub> (OXPHOS state). For instance, non-saturating ADP concentrations are applied in State 3 in pulse titrations to determine the [[P/O ratio]] in State 3→4 (D→T) transitions, when saturating ADP concentrations would deplete the oxygen concentration in the closed oxygraph chamber before [[State 4]] is obtained ([[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Gnaiger 2000 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</ins>|Gnaiger et al 2000]]; [[Puchowicz_2004_Mitochondrion|Puchowicz et al 2004]]). Respiration in the OXPHOS state or in State 3 is well [[coupled respiration|coupled]], and partially [[uncoupled respiration|uncoupled]] (physiological) or partially [[dyscoupled respiration|dyscoupled]] (pathological). A high [[mt-membrane potential]] provides the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation, to phosphorylate ADP to ATP and to transport ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM) through the [[adenine nucleotide translocase]] (ANT). The mt-membrane potential is reduced, however, in comparison to the [[LEAK state]] of respiration, whereas the cytochromes are in a more oxidized [[redox state]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[Chance 1955 JBC-III]], [[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|info=[[Chance 1955 JBC-III]], [[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td></tr>
</table>Gnaiger Erich